System of insulation.



L. STEINBERG'ER. SYSTEM 0F INSULATION.

APPLIGATION FILED 1mm, 1909.

Patented Feb. 15, 1910.

W/TNESSES ATTUR/VE VS UNifrnD STATES PATENT oiirion.

LOUIS ISTEINBERGERQKOF NEW YORK, N. Y.'

vf( y.

SYSTEM OF INSULATION.

si-iaeoi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 44., 1909.' Serial No. 531,322.

following is a full, clear, and exact de-l scription. f

My invention relates to systems of insu-v lation for high potential electric conductorsio be used in various relations and for various pui-poses, such as power transmission; and for guy wires or cables employed as stays, towers, or for poles, masts, and other supports used in wireless telegraphy, as well as in ordinary con'imercial worl When used in connection with wireless apb params, my invention tends to prevent leakage and undesirable grounding of the current. either from conductors or from supporting structures for the same.

Generally speaking, my system comprehends a series of insulators, preferably of the thiinblc type, and a seriesof other insu-y lators of the rod type, the tliimble type insulators being alternated with the rod type insulators, andy together therewith comprising a flexible chain of parts which may be extended indefinitely and added to. In this system the various parts may be readily detached and replaced by other parts, and the total number of parts may be increased or diminished at will after the original structure is builtv` this feature being especially important in instances where, after the installation of a conductor, the voltage is to be increased. By my system provision may be made for increasing the voltage to any .desii-ed extent, the yvarious mechanical parts which I employ being of comparatively small size, light weight, and low cost.

My improved systemv comprchends the cniployment of a novel structure, including ,the introduction of springs between the rod type insulators and the thimble type insula` tors, so that the various parts, considered as a unit, are under spring tension, thereby insuring` more or less resiliency whereby the complete structure is relieved in all of its parts, as well as in its entirety, from the n effects of suddeirand abrupt accidentalv strains,` usually so destructive to mechanism of this kind.

vision for air spaces around certain parts, vmaking up the chain above referred to, the air-spaces being so disposed as to insure that at all times the iicxible chain of parts, eveny .though completely deluged in rain water,

^ Patented Feb. 15, 19,10.:y

will still afford adequate insulation for all practical purposes.

In addition to the foregoing my invention contemplates various improvements in all 'the specific kinds of insulators employed in my system.

Among the objects of my invention are the following: I. To protect from the Weather 'a portion of the terminal insulating niem bei', conductor or guy, as the case may be, which may be employed in connection with this system. II. 'Io prevent the line from falling in the event that the insulation of the chain of units or of any part thereof becomes injured or destroyed. 'IIL To give the various parts siicli yconformity as will tend to prevent the creepage of moisture over the various parts, and in doing this will also tend to prevent'arciiig or puncturing under the influence of currents of high potential. IV. To provideimproved formsl of units which, when connected together in the form of a iiexibl'e chain, as above stated, will admit of the application of additional units for the purpose of increasing the degree of insulation at will. V. To give the various units such conformity as to enable them to be readily connected together and disconnected from each other in order to lengthen or shorten the chain of parts. VI. To give the various parts or units such conformity that the complete chain may be readily extended in various directions-verti cally, horizontally, or at Iany desired angle relatively to the horizon. VII. To so forni the units as to admit of their easy and ready handlingl and assembling without handling parts of heavy weight. VIII. To provide units of such form that, if necessary, they can serve as complete insulators when detached and used alone. IX. To improve generally the construction of the thimble type units and also to improve the construction of the rod type units forming parts of my system. l

Although for convenience I show and describe iny system as used in connection with thimble type units and rod type'nnits, I do not limit myself thereby, as units of 'other My invention further comprehends pro- .i types suitable for my purpose may obviously of units disclosed.

be employed withoutv departing from. the sp1 r1t or my invention.

do not limit myself to the exact form or precise details of any or all of the parts herein described, nor to the precise number Neither do limit inyself to any special arrangement of the parts, nor to the use of any prescribed materials. l prefer, however, to employ for most of the insulating parts the material well known in this art as electrose.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specificaf threaded, and a holder 18 is likewise. serew' Ythreaded and is iitted upon the lower end tion, in which the figure shows a substantially central, vertical section through a structure embodying my improved system.

A number of thimble type insulators are shown at 1, 2 and 3, the insulator 1 being plain at its bottom, the insulator 2 having a skirt 2a ofsmall diameter, and the insulator 3 being provided with a skirt 3a of larger diameter. The insulators are provided with thickened portions'4, 5` 6 in which are ein-h bedded metallic baskets 7, 8, 9. rEhe basket 7 is provided with an eye 10 which may be connected with another unit or suspended directly from any suitable support. Lo-

` cated within theI basket 7 (the lower portion of which has a. substantially annular conical form) is a -conical head 11 provided with a threaded bolt 12. A cap 13 is threaded and tted upon this bolt.

A casing 14 is. threaded and connected with the cap "13, this casing 14 having generally the forni of a cylinder, and loosely extending through its bottom is a rod 15 y which is provided at its upper end withv a head 1G, a spiral spring 17 encircling the rod 15 and engaging the bottom of the caslng 14, and also engaging the head 16.

When the rod 15 is drawn downwardly, the

spring 17 is compressed.l I t The lower end 1Gu of the rod 15 is'screwof the rod 15. The holder 18 is provided with a fork 19 through which .extends a pivot pin 20. A rod 21 of ,tough insulating material, such as fiber, has its upper end inserted in the fork 19, `the pin 20x passing directly through such upper end. Encircling the rod 21 is a tubular mass 22 of insulating.' material, .preferably electrose. The lower end of the rod 21 tits into a holder 23 and lis held therein by aid of a pin 24 which extends directly through this fork, this pin being completely,enveloped by the lower endV of the mass of-insulatlng material 22. The holder 23 is provided with a threaded bolt 25 and tted upon the n latter is a' cap 26. Awcasino 27 is threaded and fitted to the cap 2G, this casing having generally the form of a cylinder. A compression spring 28 ismounted within the casing 27 and 'is engaged byfrthe head 30 of.

-fgages the eye 34. vided at lts lower end with an' enlarged aeaeoa a rod 29, this rod extending loosely through the bottom of the easing 27 and being provided with a threaded portion 31.

The basket 8 is provided with a threaded portion 32 which engages the threaded porc tion 31 of the rod 29. isposed'within the basket 8 and spaced therefrom is asubstantially conical head 33 which is provided with an eye 34. A tensile spring 35 is provided at its upper end with a hook 36 which en- The spring 35 is nroof leakage and particularly to lessen the creepage of moisture over their surfaces.

The lower end of the rod 41 extends diainetrically through the upper portion of a holder 43, and through the. lower end of the rod 41, extends a pin, 44.

A spiral tensile spring 46 is provided with an enlarged threaded .portion 45` which is ttedinto the holder 43,'the latter being threaded for this purpose.- The basket 9 is provided with an eye 47 which'is connected with the lower end of the tensile spring 46. Disposed-within` the basket 9 and spaced therefrom is a substantially con- `ical head 48 provided witha threaded bolt 49. A rod` 51 is provided at one of its ends with a sleeve 50 which is threaded internally and` fitted upon the threaded lbolt 49. The opposite end of the rod 51 is provided with an eye 52. e A Asleeve 53,0f fiber is fitted upon. the rod 51, and Aenveloping this sleeve and the greater portibn of the rod 51 is a corrugated tubular member 54V of electrose. The tubular member 54 is longer than the sleeve 53 so that the ends-of the latter are cplnpletely enveloped. The tubument with thelower pbrtion ofthe sleeve 50. A conductor for high tension ycurrents is 'lar member 54 extends into direct engageshown at 55and engaging the same is ia clamp 56. This clamp is supported by aid of a bolt. 57 extending through it and through the eye 52. The rod 51 is well insulated and also well protected from the weather by the sleeve 53 of'`fibergandheV tubular member 54 ofr electrose. The rod 51 is, because of its connection with the threaded 'bolt 49, rigid relatively* to the thimble type insulator 3; Ou this account l it cannot, under any swaying motion of the' conductor 55, be thrown violently against l f the skirt 3a of the insulator is located to the as shownconstitute my systemot insulation.

Considering the structure as a whole, it will be noted that it is extensible under mechanica-l tension, and further lthat it is flexible to a high degree. .Practically any one of the parts, except thosev which `are rigidly embedded in the insulating materials, may be removed Aand replaced at pleasure. The three hoodsshown, with thevparts connected with them, and" the two rod-like members disposed between the hods constitute fthe units which make upvthe system. i

I find it advantageous to employ the units of the rod type in connection with tlie'units of the thimble type, Yand to arrange them alternately`in series. By doingthis each rod type insulator is, in a measure at least, protected by the yparticular thimble immediately over it, and in some instances the rod type unit has additionalproteotion afforded by a skirt of the hood, as, for instance,7 the hood 2a. It may happenin some installations that, owing to the peculiarity of such mechanical strains as happen to fall upon the structure, a compression spring is better than a tensile spring. Again, it is desirable that if one of the springs happens to break,

the high tension conductor be y,not thrown to the ground. The springs 17 and 28 are based upon this idea. If either of these two springs should. break, the head 16 or 30, as the case may be, could 'not leave the casing in which is is housed,d and consequently the high tension insulator could not be allowed to fall. Such being the case, the compression springs can be made light, tlrus effecting a- It will be noted that thef' saving of weight. skirts 2a and 3L tend 4vto prevent quite a number of parts under them from becoming, wet in bad weather, and`thjis not only improves the insulation of the complete strue- `ture, butl also tends to avoid fundue deterioration of the parts thus kept dry. .It will also be noted that no matter how severe may be the weather to Which my construction is exposed, the parts housed within each thimble are necessarily lkept dry. It follows from this that where a large number of insu:` latorsof the thimble ltype yare .alternated with insulators of the rod type, and the rod type insulators, together with parts associated'with. them are suspended'within or partially within the thimble type insulators the rod type insulatorsand parts associated with them are maintained wholly or pary tially dry at all times. p

Where my improved construction is used in connection with wireless towers, it may sometimes be desirable to incline the chain of units relatively to the horizon. ln this event there are always quite a number of parts of units so that even when rain talling rapidly the structure, asia whole, a lii'ords good insulation..l

Having thus described my invention, l elairn as vnew and desire to secure b v Letters Patent: i

\ l. A system of insulation, comprising a plurality of thimble type insulators and a plurality of rod type insulators connected Together in the form of a continuous chain.

.2. A system of insulation, comprising a plurality of thimble type insulators and a plurality ot rod type insulators, the thimble rod type insulators.

tion of a plurality of thilnble type insulators and rod type insulators, one of said thimble type insulators partially inclosing one of protecting, they latter from the effects vot' moisture.

fl. A ysystem otlinsulation, comprising a plurality thimble type insulators. a plurality offrodV type insulators, and spring connections between said thimble tlype insulators and said rod type insulators.

5;'A system, of insulation, ,comprising a plurality otiusulators, and a spring connection between the same vfor tthe lpurpose of rendering one of said insulators resilient relatively to another. G. A Lsystem 01E insulation, comprising a thimble type insulator, a rod type insulator extending thereinto. and .a spring disposed lintermediate said thimble type insulator and said rod type insulator. Y

7. A system of insulation, comprising a plurality 'of thimble type insulators provided with skirts of different diameters, and a rod type insulator connected with said thimble type insulators ,and disposed therebetween. p

i? 8. A system of insulation, comprising a t-himble type insulator, a casing connected therewith and supported thereby, a compression spring disposed within said casing, arod type insulator, andav member connectedwvith said rod type insulator and en gaging said compression spring within said casmg.

9. A system ofinsnlatiomf comprising a ythimble type insulator, and a rod type insulator flexibly connected therewith and adapted toy move relatively thereto.

10.A A system of insulation, comprising a thimble type insulator, a rod type insulator,

3. In a system ot' insulation, the combina--y al j dry' surfaces encircling various units and type insulators being alternated with the said rod `type insulators for the purpose ot' l said thimble type insulator.

.f thickened portion, a basket embedded Within said thickened portion, a head located Within said basket and spaced therefrom, a casing supported from said head, a spring-mounted within said casing, and a rod type insulator supported by said spring and extending into 13. A system of insulation, comprising an insulator provided With a portion protected ,from the Weather, and a rod type insulator flexibly connected with said tirstfmentioned insulator and extending into said portion thus protected.- ,l

14, A system of insulation, comprising` a rod typefrinsulator havin' oppositely disposed ends, holders pivotal y connected with Salidends, and means for protecting, one of said holders from the eects of the iWeather. 15. A. 'system orn insulation, comprising an insulator provided `with a skirt, a casing diso posed Wit-hin said insiilaton'a 'spring mountplurality of insulators, a tensile spring connecting together two of said insulators, and a compression spring connect-ing together tivo of said insulators.

' 17. A system of insulation, comprising a thimble type insulator, and a plurality oty rod type insulators, said tliimble type insulator being disposed intermediate said rod type insulators. f

18. A system of insulation, comprising an insulator provided with a skirt, and a pluralityof rod type insulators connected with said first-mentioned insulator and disposed upon opposite sidesof the same.

19. A system of insulation, comprising a' thimble type insulator, and a rod flexibly connected with said thlimble type insulator and adapted'to move relatively to the same.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this kspecilication in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

Louis STEINBERGER WVitnesses:

WLroN HARRISON, l PHILIP D. RoLLHAUs. 

